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Created
03 Nov 1999
Copyright © 1999-2013 by owner.
Standard citation procedures apply.
Modified
25 Oct 2013



Creative Ontology
or
An Easy Recipe For a New and Improved
God
Using Available Ingredients
and
Based on Theological Logic
 

The Ontological Argument (O.A.) for the existence of God states that, because the concept of God is the greatest concept possible, and because the concept of existence is greater than the concept of non-existence, God must exist.  This argument, proposed by the Medieval St. Anselm of Canterbury, was handily refuted by 18th-century German philosopher Immanuel Kant, who pointed out that the actual state of existence is not conveyed or imparted by an idea (concept), save only the existence of the idea itself solely as an idea.  (Confusing the existence of an idea with the existence of its content is a fallacy of reification.)  Notwithstanding, this little tail-chaser keeps popping up from time to time, to the revived amazement of true believers and the renewed amusement of everyone else.  Even many non-believers concede that the O.A., despite its fatal flaw, is quite intriguing.  So it might be fun to see where else it leads...

NOTE:  In this respect, the Ontological Argument is an example of reification, a fallacy that confuses the existence of an idea with the existence of what the idea purportedly represents, particularly if what the idea represents is—or might be—purely fictional.  Anselm's complete O.A. also relies on the fallacy of question-begging or circular reasoning, which tries to use the assumed truth of its own conclusion as support for that self-same conclusion (in essence, that God exists because God is perfect because the Bible says he is and the Bible is the literal word of God).  It's a clever rhetorical argument, but a logical bomb.  The fact that the O.A. rests on intertwined multiple logical flaws can make it difficult for amateur logicians to sort out exactly what's wrong with it.  Kant was able to destroy the entire chain of argument by targeting just one of its key links.


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The Ontological Argument is still frequently used by Christians in an effort to prove the existence of their favorite deity.  Therefore, let us direct it specifically to their Yahweh-Jehovah entity, to see what "Truth" might be derived from a rigorous application.

First, we must bear in mind that the Christian God is officially described as "perfect," and if that description is accurate there is little room for further argument.  However, even casual examination of Judeo-Christian scripture reveals a number of God's traits which, if exhibited by an ordinary mortal, would be regarded not as examples of perfection, but as serious faults, some perhaps even severe enough to warrant imprisonment or confinement in a mental institution.  Indeed, it would be difficult to imagine a greater blasphemy against a truly benevolent God than much of the holy scripture itself.  Thus, either conventional ideas of perfection are completely off-base and need to be spiced up with generous doses of duplicity, paranoia, torment, exploitation, extortion, rage, and murderous intent, or the biblical God isn't really as perfect as he is purported to be.

The scriptures, it turns out, offer wildly inconsistent descriptions of God.  On the one hand, he is characterized as loving, supremely just, eternally constant, and infinitely merciful.  Yet on the other, many policies and actions ascribed to God reveal him to be vicious, indiscriminately vengeful, impulsively capricious, and tantrum-prone.  It would appear that God (if indeed there is only one of him) suffers from a severe and often violent multiple-personality disorder.  In addition, if the scriptures are (as many insist) God's own inspired word, then the multitude of discrepancies between the evidence of the universe (God's creation) and the scriptural account of it (God's word) logically point to the following possibilities, all discomfiting:

  • EITHER the physical evidence of the created universe is true, but the scriptures are inaccurate, in which case God is fallible (at least as a record-keeper);

  • OR the scriptures are a literally true representation of God's word, but the physical evidence of the created universe is faked, in which case God is a deceiver;

  • OR something / someone else (Satan?) created that part of the universe (i.e., almost all of it) which does not conform to scripture, in which case God is not the sole (or even primary) creator.

The only other alternative, short of renouncing reason altogether, is to deduce that the Bible is not the literal word of God, but instead a disjointed and self-contradictory collection of allegorical legends, antiquated laws, and rather biased history, only marginally helpful in assessing man's relationship to God in the modern world.  This, more or less, is the position adopted by most mainstream Christians and serious theologians nowadays.

Yet there are still many who doggedly insist upon a literalist view of the Bible—evidence and reason be damned!  Confronted by mounting conflicts between the observed and scriptural versions of the universe, as well as the many documented incongruities of God himself, we find ourselves (if we allow ourselves to think about it) in a most troubling predicament.  Let us see what (other than simply not thinking about it) might be done to remedy it.

If devout Christians cannot imagine a greater concept than their biblical Lord God, it is certainly not because they are short on imagination, but most likely because they are forbidden to do so under pain of damnation.  However, as a non-believer I do not perceive myself to be under any such threat, so I shall dare to speculate.  Even with my own rather limited capacity for make-believe, this simple heretic can easily imagine...

  • ...a perfect Creator who gets everything just right the first time, thereby precluding any need for subsequent tinkering (miracles) to fix things that get out of whack...

  • ...a faithful Chronicler whose scriptures accurately describe his own creation, so precisely that there could never be doubt that both were products of the same mind and hand, no matter how great the eventual reach of scientific discovery and the probe of honest inquiry...

  • ...an eloquent Author who phrases his scripture so clearly as to preclude misinterpretation by anyone or in any language, and who makes it equally accessible, not just to a chosen few, but to every person who ever lives...

  • ...a just Lawgiver who makes it impossible for divine law to be violated, just as violation of natural law is already impossible, thereby obviating the necessity of perversely cruel damnation...

  • ...a skilled Maker who, when creating man, ensures that his crowning creation's natural instincts are in harmony with divine law rather than in direct conflict with it...

  • ...a caring Father (or Mother) who indelibly inscribes his (or her) unmistakable will upon each and every soul at the moment of birth (or conception, or whenever soul is supposedly installed) to guide it unerringly through life...

  • ...in other words, a God whose first act of creation would have been something even more important than light: coherence.

We could continue with quite a few more items, but what we have already illustrates a concept considerably superior to the primitive and inconsistent entity referred to in the Bible as "God."  Does this mean that, because this concept is clearly greater than the biblical one (allowing that the concept of coherence is greater than that of incoherence), this deity must exist and the biblical one must not?  Certainly not that I would seriously argue.  Yet if Christians' own Ontological Argument were valid, then this would be the inescapable conclusion.  I therefore expect that those believers who still credit the O.A., upon reading this, will presently be rejoicing in the streets in celebration of this new "proof" of the existence of God.1  For it would seem that, merely by formulating a greater concept of such a being, we have simultaneously created the being itself!2

= SAJ =


Footnotes

[1] This God is clearly not the biblical one.  However, neither is it a new idea, but rather a mix of deistic and pantheistic concepts, most of which have been around for at least a few centuries.  To this is added a dash of humanity, to make it more personable and interactive, for the pleasure of those who prefer an anthropomorphic deity.  Except for the idea that divine law ought to be as absolutely inviolable as natural law, in most other ways this is the sort of God believed in by Adams, Franklin, Jefferson, Lafayette, Madison, Tocqueville, Washington, and other "Children of The Enlightenment."

[2] The final test of whether something exists, of course, is not the perfection of its concept, but whether or not it is in accord with reality.  Obviously, some of this God's ascribed attributes, like those of Yahweh-Jehovah, are not in accord with reality.  Therefore, although we can't positively rule out the existence of gods altogether, we can be certain that neither of these deities exists in its described form.

 


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